An equilibrium cloud-resolving modeling study of diurnal variation of tropical rainfall     

《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2015

The diurnal variation of tropical rainfall is examined through the analysis of an equilibrium cloud-resolving model experiment. Model domain mean rain rate is defined as a product of rain intensity and fractional rainfall coverage. The diurnal variation of the mean rain rate is associated with that of fractional rainfall coverage because the diurnal variation of rain intensity is significantly weakened through the decrease in rainfall in early morning hours. The decrease in rainfall corresponds to the reduction in secondary circulations through the barotropic conversion from the perturbation kinetic energy to the mean kinetic energy under the imposed negative vertical gradient of westerly winds. The fractional rainfall coverage shows the diurnal signal with the maximum in the early morning hours primarily due to nocturnal infrared radiative cooling.  相似文献   

A diagnostic analysis on the effect of the residual layer in convective boundary layer development near Mongolia using 20th century reanalysis data   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Bo Han  Cailing Zhao  Shihua Lü  Xin Wang 《大气科学进展》2015,32(6):807-820

Although the residual layer has already been noted in the classical diurnal cycle of the atmospheric boundary layer,its effect on the development of the convective boundary layer has not been well studied. In this study, based on 3-hourly20 th century reanalysis data, the residual layer is considered as a common layer capping the convective boundary layer. It is identified daily by investigating the development of the convective boundary layer. The region of interest is bounded by(30°–60° N, 80°–120° E), where a residual layer deeper than 2000 m has been reported using radiosondes. The lapse rate and wind shear within the residual layer are compared with the surface sensible heat flux by investigating their climatological means, interannual variations and daily variations. The lapse rate of the residual layer and the convective boundary layer depth correspond well in their seasonal variations and climatological mean patterns. On the interannual scale, the correlation coefficient between their regional averaged(40°–50°N, 90°–110° E) variations is higher than that between the surface sensible heat flux and convective boundary layer depth. On the daily scale, the correlation between the lapse rate and the convective boundary layer depth in most months is still statistically significant during 1970–2012. Therefore, we suggest that the existence of a deep neutral residual layer is crucial to the formation of a deep convective boundary layer near the Mongolian regions.  相似文献   

多重散射问题的改进算法以及双排非连续弹性屏障对水平向剪切波的隔离研究     

夏唐代  孙苗苗  陈晨 《岩土力学》2011,32(8):2402-2408

与Aviles等学者的多重散射隔振理论相比较,采用更为完整的Fourier-Bessel函数系的级数展开表达式来研究弹性波入射下的多重散射问题。引入Graf加法定理,并结合位移和应力边界条件,推导了无限均匀弹性介质中任意分布的多个弹性圆柱体对于平面水平向剪切波(SH波)入射时散射系数的理论解析解。随后,取圆柱体分布于两条相互平行的直线上,则问题演变为双排弹性桩屏障对于弹性波的隔离问题。引入无量纲位移(屏障后土体总的位移与仅由入射平面水平向剪切波引起的位移的比值)和透射系数(屏障宽度范围内无量纲位移的几何平均值)的概念来研究屏障的隔振效果。重点讨论了双排桩间距h以及桩土的剪切模量比ξ对于屏障整体隔振效果的影响,阐述了双排桩屏障的隔振性状。特别地,当h=0时,该问题退化为常见的单排非连续屏障的隔振问题。  相似文献   

大岗山坝区岩体现场剪切蠕变试验及参数反演   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张强勇  陈芳  杨文东  李文纲  王建洪  贺如平  曾纪全 《岩土力学》2011,32(9):2584-2590

现场剪切蠕变试验是了解岩体剪切蠕变特性的最重要手段。针对大岗山水电站坝区"硬、脆、碎"辉绿岩脉进行了现场剪切蠕变试验,分析了岩体的剪切蠕变变形规律和剪切蠕变速率特性。试验结果表明,在剪应力较小时坝区岩体剪切蠕变仅呈现出减速蠕变和稳态蠕变2个阶段;当剪应力接近屈服强度时,坝区岩体剪切蠕变速率由渐变增长转为突变增长,岩体在短时间内即发生破坏,呈现出加速蠕变特性。恒定正应力下辉绿岩体的稳态流变速率与剪应力之间可用指数关系来表征。根据剪切蠕变试验曲线,进行了岩体剪切蠕变模型辨识。辨识表明,西原模型可以较好反映坝区辉绿岩脉的剪切蠕变特性。通过优化反演获得坝区岩体的剪切蠕变参数,为坝基边坡工程稳定性分析和设计提供了重要的力学依据。  相似文献   

Vorticity analysis of the Palmi shear zone mylonites: new insights for the Alpine tectonic evolution of the Calabria–Peloritani terrane (southern Italy)     

Vincenzo Festa  Giacomo Prosser  Alfredo Caggianelli  Antonietta Grande  Antonio Langone  Daniela Mele 《Geological Journal》2016,51(4):670-681

New microstructural data on the mylonites from the well‐exposed Palmi shear zone (southern Calabria) are presented with the aim to shed light on both the kinematics and the geometry of the southwestern branch of the Alpine belt during Eocene. In the study area, located between the Sardinia–Corsica block and the Calabria–Peloritani terrane, previous large‐scale geodynamic reconstructions suggest the presence of strike–slip or transform fault zones dissecting the southwestern branch of the Alpine belt. However, there are no field data supporting the occurrence of these structures. This paper uses vorticity analysis technique based on the aspect ratio and the long axis orientation of rigid porphyroclasts in mylonitic marbles and mylonitic granitoids, to estimate the contribution of pure and simple shear of deformation during the movement of the Palmi shear zone. Porphyroclasts aspect ratio and orientation were measured on thin sections using image analysis. Estimates of the vorticity number, W_m, indicate that the Palmi shear zone recorded general shear with a contribution of pure shear of c. 65%. Then, the Palmi shear zone can be interpreted as a segment of a left‐lateral transpressive bend along the southern termination of the Eocene Alpine front. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

横波测井技术在海洋工程中的应用     

白大鹏  赵铁虎  顾雪晴  宋宝顺 《物探与化探》2011,35(3):409-413

单孔波速测试的传统做法是在地面激振,在孔中接收,但该方法测试深度受限,测试精度较低,且对于海上钻孔来说,根本无法实现激振,故对于海洋工程钻孔的波速测试,则需要新技术来实现横波波速的获取。笔者介绍的悬挂式波速测井法将震源和检波器同时放入井孔中,摆脱了笨重的地面敲击震源,实现了波速测井设备的轻便化,由相距1 m的两个检波器接收S波的传播信号,为一发双收装置,利用传感器接收到震源传来的S波信号到达时间(初至)差,来确定钻孔所在处地层波速的一种新技术。该方法在南堡油田平台场址调查中发挥了重要作用,对120 m深的钻孔进行了横波测井,取得了良好的测试成果,为该工程项目提供了准确的剪切波速,为划分该场址的场地土类别发挥了重要作用。  相似文献   

Rayleigh面波各阶模式频散曲线对横波速度和层厚的敏感性探讨   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张明财  熊章强  张大洲  刘白璐 《物探化探计算技术》2011,33(2):153-158

Rayleigh面波勘探的目的在于有效利用频散曲线反演地层厚度及横波速度,而不同模式的频散曲线对横波速度和层厚的敏感性不同。通过求取介质参数变化10%后与参数不变化时的二组频散曲线的差值,得到各阶模式的频率～相速度差曲线,分析了Rayleigh面波各模式频散曲线对横波速度、层厚的敏感性。试验结果表明,基阶模式对于浅层的横波速度和层厚比较敏感,敏感区域主要集中在较窄的频带范围内。而高阶模式对于相对较深层的横波速度和层厚比较敏感,且频率范围分布较大,敏感性强的频段分布比较分散。研究结果可以为Rayleigh面波多模式联合反演提供理论依据。  相似文献   

花岗岩残积粘性土加、卸荷抗剪强度分析     

于月娥  程小勇 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2011,22(1):115-121

以广州地区花岗岩残积粘性土为研究对象,通过击样法制备特定含水量试样,在不同压力下进行固结加、卸荷试验,对比分析试验数据,初步研究加、卸荷状态下花岗岩残积粘性土的抗剪强度变化,探寻先期固结压力、含水量与抗剪强度间规律。重塑残积土抗剪强度随含水量增加而减小;在先期固结压力相同的条件下,卸荷相对加荷试验条件下的土体强度显著减小,且减少值随残积土含水量的增加而逐渐减小,故在基坑开挖等卸荷工程项目中,应充分考虑卸荷对土体抗剪强度的影响,在卸荷工程中采用土体卸荷抗剪强度指标更符合工程实际。  相似文献   

撒哈拉地台霍嘎地区某金矿地质特征     

章贤能  李德成  王拥军  曹诚  李友恒 《安徽地质》2011,21(2):143-149

太古宙绿岩带是世界主要金矿赋存区,在古老的非洲地台分布很多绿岩带,其上叠加剪切带即伴随有含金建造的出现。本文根据安徽地矿"走出去"实施的某绿岩区金矿勘查资料、西霍嘎地块地质背景、区域上金矿赋存规律及邻区正在开采的金矿考察,初步分析了该区金矿地质特征、控矿要素、矿床成因及找矿标志,供后续勘查投资和周边中方相同地质背景矿权区找金参考。  相似文献   

瓦屋山水电站厂房区红层岩体古滑坡稳定性研究     

王子忠  许模  杨绍平 《工程地质学报》2011,19(2):213-218

红层岩体以其岩体结构的软硬相间及软弱夹层发育而在边坡稳定方面表现为"易滑地层".瓦屋山水电站厂房区边坡为顺向坡,砂岩类岩石与黏土岩类岩石呈缓倾、互层状(倾角10°～20°)产出.构造与表生改造作用下,在这两类软硬相间的岩石界面上常形成分布较为连续的软弱夹层,这类岩体较易沿软弱夹层产生顺层滑动.地质历史时期,瓦屋山厂房区...  相似文献